You need dialysis if your kidneys no longer function well enough. Kidney damage generally progresses over a number of years as a result of long-term conditions, such as:

• Diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Kidney inflammation (glomerulonephritis)
• Multiple cysts in the kidneys (polycystic kidney disease)

You'll need an operation to insert the catheter that carries the dialysate in and out of your abdomen. The insertion might be done under local or general anesthesia. The tube is usually inserted near your bellybutton.

After the tube is inserted, your doctor will probably recommend waiting up to a month before starting peritoneal dialysis treatments to give the catheter site time to heal.

During peritoneal dialysis:

• The dialysate flows into your abdomen and stays there for a prescribed period of time (dwell time) — usually four to six hours
• Dextrose in the dialysate helps filter waste, chemicals and extra fluid in your blood from tiny blood vessels in the lining of your abdominal cavity
• When the dwell time is over, the solution — along with waste products drawn from your blood — drains into a sterile collection bag

Taking your medications as prescribed also is important for getting the best possible results. While receiving peritoneal dialysis, you'll likely need various medications to control your blood pressure, stimulate production of red blood cells, control the levels of certain nutrients in your blood and prevent the buildup of phosphorus in your blood.

You can improve your dialysis results and your overall health by eating the right foods, including foods low in sodium and phosphorus. A dietitian can help you develop an individualized meal plan. Your diet will be based on your weight, your personal preferences, and your remaining kidney function and other medical conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure.